Social Studies

Playing House -- A History Resourse: http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/History/subcollections/ChildHomeEcAbout.shtml
In the late 19th and early 20th century, many books and manuals were created to instruct women and young girls in "the fine arts of
cookery, laundry, and other areas." At this webpage, you'll find an interesting resource developed by the University of Wisconsin -- a digital collection of five typical manuals from the era, including a 1917 book "Things Girls Like to Do" and a long-time classic from 1916, "Housekeeping." Works can be viewed in their entirety or searched by keyword across the the entire collection. An unusual primary source.

Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online: http://www.biographi.ca/EN/index.html
It is available in French and English. This first phase presents persons who died between the years 1000 and
1930 or whose last known date of activity falls within these years. It is a useful resource for people interested in Canadian history and
culture.

Worldmapper: http://www.sasi.group.shef.ac.uk/worldmapper/index.html
"Worldmapper is a collection of world maps, where territories are re-sized on each map according to the subject of interest."

Geography Zone: http://www.geographyzone.com/new/index.php
"The Geography Zone has been created to help spread geographical awareness and an understanding of the places and cultures across our world in an exciting and dynamic atmosphere. Here you can find The Geography Challenge, the world’s largest online geography contest, as well as tons of the geography tools and facts to help make you a geography expert."

Women of Protest: Photographs from the Records of the National Woman's Party: : http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/suffrage/nwp/
This is a selection of 448 of the approximately 2,650 photographs in the Records of the National Woman's Party, housed in the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress. Representing the militant wing of the suffrage movement, the National Woman's Party effectively commanded the attention of politicians and the public alike through its aggressive agitation, relentless lobbying, creative publicity stunts and disarming examples of civil disobedience. It used tableaus, parades, demonstrations and picketing, as well as its members' arrests, imprisonment and hunger strikes, to spur public discussion and win publicity for the suffrage cause.

Early Las Vegas: http://www.earlyvegas.com/

New York State Archives: http://www.archives.nysed.gov/a/photogallery/index.shtml
This website allows the public online access to manuscripts and photographs in the New York State Archives and State Library's Manuscripts and Special Collections.
The collections document almost every aspect of New York State's history and government. The website also includes a Global History and Geography gallery that features photographs taken around the world between 1896 and 1935.
The State Archives cares for more than 140 million archival records of New York State government dating from the 1630's to the present.

British History Online: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/
"The digital library of text and information about people, places and businesses from the medieval and early modern period, built by the Institute of Historical Research and the History of Parliament Trust." Among the resources: Journals of the Houses of Commons and Lords, Office-Holders in Modern Britain, 1660-1939, a variety of documentary resources for the history of London and ecclesiastical history. Searchable.

Elementary sites about US government and elections
Ben's Guide to Government: http://bensguide.gpo.gov/3-5/election/ presents The Election Process, a basic guide to the election of federal officials including the president, vice president, senators and representatives. This guide for grades 3-5 is provided by the U.S. Government Printing Office.

The PBS Kids Democracy Project: http://pbskids.org/democracy/ presents information for elementary students in three graphically based sections. They are "How Does Government Affect Me?" "Inside the Voting Booth," and "President for a Day."

Take Your Kids to Vote from the Council for Excellence in Government: http://www.takeyourkidstovote.org/youth/ seeks to involve families in the election process. Simple activities that encourage elementary, middle, and high school students and their families to participate are provided, along with ideas for how to get more information on television or the Internet. Be sure to check out the "Debate Watch Bingo" cards, a fun way to get families involved in watching debates together.

Kids Voting USA?: http://www.kidsvotingusa.org/ is a national nonprofit organization that aims to teach students about the concepts of citizenship, civic responsibility, democracy, and the importance of political participation. Participating students have the opportunity to cast a Kids Voting ballot on election day, voting on the same candidates and issues as the adults. The site includes information for teachers, as well as Civics Alive! activities for grades K-12 and Destination Democracy service-learning activities for high school students.

Middle and High School sites about government and elections
Wisconsin Public Television and Public Radio present WisconsinVote: http://www.wisconsinvote.org/, an elections site that provides information on candidates running for state and federal office. Other sections include information on voter registration, audio clips of interviews with candidates, and lesson plans related to campaign advertising.

Elections: The American Way: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/features/election/home.html, from the Library of Congress, provides an interactive guide to elections that covers the candidates, voters. party system, election process, and issues.

Project Vote-Smart: http://www.vote-smart.org/ provides information about candidates and elected officials in five categories: biographies, issue positions, voting records, campaign finances, and interest group ratings. Users can enter their zip code to see a list of their local elected officials and candidates, then click on a name for their voting records, speeches and public statements, and more.

The Voting and Elections site: http://www.firstgov.gov/Citizen/Topics/Voting.shtml from the U.S. Governments FirstGov portal includes basic facts about voting and elections, statistics such as voter turnout in recent elections, and links to many relevant government sites such as the Federal Elections Board.

The Wisconsin State Elections Board: http://elections.state.wi.us/ includes state elections information, such as downloadable registration forms, lists of candidates, and notes on campaign finance reform. A historical table shows the percentage of the voting-age population that voted in elections from 1948-2000.

CNN World Election Watch: http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/election.watch/ reminds us that elections are going on all over the world.

DemocracyNet: http://www.congress.org/congressorg/e4/?, from the League of Women Voters and Congress.org, provides candidate statements about a range of issues such as health care, the economy, civil rights, the environment, homeland security, and so forth.

The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections: http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/28109.pdf is an official report from the Congressional Research Service. This printable document includes a brief history of the electoral college system. It explains the allocation of electoral votes and the full electoral process, from the nomination of electors through the declaration by Congress.

President Match: http://www.presidentmatch.com/Main.jsp2?cp=main will lead you through a series of questions on major election issues, and then tell you how the candidates rank according to your own stand on the issues.

Electionline.org: http://www.electionline.org/index.jsp offers an interactive map that shows numbers of registered voters, voting population by ethnicity, and voting systems used around the country. Information is displayed in color-coded map form by state or county. The map is from the Election Reform Information Project, funded by the Pew Charitable Trust.

Politics and Campaigns: Background Reports: http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/politics/politics.html gives users access to video clips and transcripts from the PBS NewsHour's election-related coverage.

C-Span's Campaigns and Elections site: http://www.c-span.org/classroom/govt/campaigns.asp provides resources for teaching about elections, including video clips and student activities.

Rock the Vote: http://www.rockthevote.org/ aims to encourage young people to take advantage of their right to vote. The Web site includes information on voter registration and election issues.

Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History: http://www.gilderlehrman.org/index.html
Founded in 1994, the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History promotes the study and love of American history. Increasingly
national and international in scope, the Institute's initiatives target audiences ranging from students to scholars to the general
public. The Institute creates history-centered schools and academic research centers; organizes seminars and enrichment programs for educators; produces print and electronic publications and traveling exhibitions; and sponsors lectures by eminent historians. The
Institute funds awards including the Lincoln and Frederick Douglass Book Prizes and offers fellowships for scholars to work in the Gilder Lehrman Collection and other archives.
The Institute maintains this website to serve as a portal for American history on the Web; to offer high-quality educational
material for teachers, students, historians, and the public; and to provide up-to-the-minute information about the Institute's programs
and activities.
The Gilder Lehrman Collection, on deposit at the New-York Historical Society, contains more than 60,000 documents detailing the political and social history of the United States. The collection's holdings include manuscript letters, diaries, maps, photographs, printed books and pamphlets ranging from 1493 through modern times.
The Collection is particularly rich with materials in the Revolutionary, Antebellum, Civil War and Reconstruction periods.
Highlights of the Collection include signed copies of the Emancipation Proclamation, the Thirteenth Amendment, a rare printed
copy of the first draft of the Constitution, and thousands of unpublished Civil War soldiers' letters. Letters written by George
Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Frederick Douglass and others vividly record the issues and events of their day. The writings of such notable women as Lucy Knox, Mercy Otis Warren and Catherine Macaulay discuss a variety of military, political and social issues.

Election History
The New York Times Looks Back: Presidential Elections 1896-1996: http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/specials/elections/ features historic articles, editorials, trivia quizzes, and facts about U.S. presidents.
The Presidential Elections, 1860-1912: http://elections.harpweek.com/ looks at historical political cartoons from Harper's Weekly and other publications. For each election, the site provides historical context, including a timeline of events, information on key issues, and brief biographies of the candidates. The site is from HarpWeek, an online index of Harper's Weekly from 1867-1916.
The Great Debate and Beyond: The History of Televised Presidential Debates: http://www.museum.tv/debateweb/html/index.htm, from the Museum of Broadcast Communications, includes a complete transcript and analysis of the first televised presidential debate between Nixon and Kennedy, as well as many video clips from 1960-1996 debates. A section titled "Memos and Spin" provides primary source documents related to the debates, and curriculum resources include glossary items, student activities, and teacher resources.
Election Connection 2000: http://web.archive.org/collections/e2k.html preserves an archive of relevant Web sites from the 2000 election. The site, from the Internet Archive Wayback Machine, includes the Web sites of the presidential candidates, news media sites from election day, and political party sites.

The Museum of Unnatural History: http://unmuseum.org/

Obituaries 101: http://www.big101.com/OBITUARIES101.htm
This site offers state by state links to the obituary pages of online newspapers. Where the name of the newspaper does not specify the city, the editors add that information. The individual newspapers vary in their search capacities and the length of archives.

The Skyscraper Museum: http://www.skyscraper.org/home_flash.htm
The Skyscraper Museum has put online more than 2,000 documents about historic New York buildings by connecting the digitized images to an interactive map of Manhattan.

The LOCGOV Wise Guide: http://www.loc.gov/wiseguide
Designed to make learning about United States history fun, this web site from the Library of Congress is a monthly magazine-style publication that features short articles about a handful of historical events or people each month, complete with a brief history and links to primary-source materials and other background information from the Library's extensive online archives.

Eyewitness to History: http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/
Each entry frames the eyewitness account with a brief description of the event and of the person recounting it and includes a bibliography and related links. Browse by time period. There's also a small audio archive of Voices of the 20th Century.

American Cultural History - The 19th Century: http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/19thcentury.html and American Cultural History - The Twentieth Century: http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decades.html
both give decade by decade hypertext summaries of developments in art and architecture, literature, education, music, science, and more.

European Union Member States: http://www.europa.eu.int/abc/governments/index_en.htm
Introduces you to the history, purpose, and achievements to date of the European Union in 12 lessons; also includes key figures, maps, history, glossary, and texts of the treaties establishing the Union. This is the English language version, but you can choose other languages.

Teachable Moment: http://www.teachablemoment.org/
"TeachableMoment.Org provides educators with timely teaching ideas to encourage critical thinking on issues of the day and foster a positive classroom environment."

Famous Ohioans: http://www.oplin.lib.oh.us/products/PPF/ohioans/

PictureAustralia: http://www.pictureaustralia.org/
"Search for people, places and events in the collections of libraries, museums, galleries, archives, universities and other cultural agencies, in Australia and abroad - all at the same time."

Susan B. Anthony
Susan Brownell Anthony (1820-1906) was a tireless leader of the women's rights movement, fighting over fifty years for women's suffrage (the right to vote), equal education, property rights and even dress reform. In 1851, she met Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who became a lifelong friend, and the two formed a partnership devoted to winning the right to vote.
*Famous Trials: Susan B. Anthony Trial: http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/anthony/sbahome.html
The Nineteenth Amendment giving women suffrage was passed fourteen years after Anthony's death. "She would, however, once have the satisfaction of seeing her completed ballot drop through the opening of a ballot box. It happened in Rochester, New York on November 5, 1872, and the event and the trial for illegal voting that followed would create a opportunity for Anthony to spread her arguments for women suffrage to a wider audience than ever before." In addition to details about the trial, Famous Trials has an Anthony biography, and 100 year time line of women's struggle for the vote.
*Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond: Susan B. Anthony: http://www.rich.frb.org/econed/bookmarks/susan.html
On October 10, 1978, President Carter signed the bill that created the Susan B. Anthony dollar coin. It was minted four times: in 1979, 1980, 1981 and again in 1999. The coins are often called "Suzy Bucks" or "Carter's Quarters." Learn more about why they were created, and why they are no longer in production at this Federal Reserve Bank page, which also includes a time line of Anthony's achievements.
*PBS: Not for Ourselves Alone: http://www.pbs.org/stantonanthony/
"On November 2, 1920 over eight million American women voted for the first time in American history ... The two women who had fought longest for women's rights, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, did not live long enough to cast a [legal] ballot themselves." View the video by clicking anywhere on the front page and then peruse the sections listed in the horizontal menu at the bottom of the page. Resources includes classroom topics, biographies, and original documents.

Supreme Court of the United States: http://www.supremecourtus.gov/index.html
Virtual Tour of the Supreme Court Building: http://www.oyez.org/oyez/tour/introduction-from-street
The Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court: http://www2.sjsu.edu/faculty/Brent/122/photo.html
Supreme Court Jigsaw: http://www.surfnetkids.com/games/supremecourt-js.htm

Thurgood Marshall: http://www.usps.com/communications/community/_pdf/thurgood_edkit.pdf
A 6 page lesson plan from the United States Postal Service

Teaching With Historic Places: http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/aboutnr.htm

State of Connecticut Judicial Branch Judicial Branch Kids Stuff: http://www.jud.state.ct.us/external/kids/Default.htm

Just for Kids: http://www.aoc.state.nc.us/www/public/aoc/kids/index.html
The North Carolina Courts website offers information that is designed especially for children.

Understanding the Federal Courts: http://www.uscourts.gov/UFC99.pdf

Law for Kids: http://www.lawforkids.org/

SOSIG: EuroStudies Gateway: http://www.sosig.ac.uk/european_studies/
This subdivision of the Social Science Information Gateway is searchable and browsable by country or region. Its selectively chosen links include lengthy annotations.

Library and Archival Exhibitions on the Web: http://www.sil.si.edu/SILPublications/Online-Exhibitions/
A site you could get lost in for hours at a time. Exhibitions are browsable and searchable by title, sponsoring institution, and keyword. A small random sample from the M's illustrates the remarkable range of the collections: "Making Valentines: A Tradition in America," "Mapping Early Modern Worlds," "Medical Instrument Gallery," "Medieval Treasures: Books & Manuscripts from the 9th to the 15th Centuries," "Most Dangerous Service: A Century of Royal Navy Submarines, "Mexico: From Empire to
Revolution," and so much more.

eHistory.com: http://www.ehistory.com/
This site "for history fans, enthusiasts and students," includes "over 130,000 pages of historical
content; 5,300 timeline events; 800 battle outlines; 350 biographies; and thousands of images and maps."

VIETNAMESE AMERICANS:
http://newsletter.tolerance.org/cgi-bin4/DM/y/efE40FN7dN0Ekk0CMiy0AO
These 8 lesson plans are designed for use with grades 7 and above. This curriculum sheds light on the complexities of this unique identity group -- and every lesson supports national standards for social studies.

Anthropology Collection Database: http://www.calacademy.org/research/anthropology/collections/collintro.htm
Provides access to the collection housed at California Academy of Sciences, including over 8,000 images. Search engine retrieves catalog description of items plus picture, if any. More images are being added to this ongoing project.

FactCheck.org, Annenberg Political Fact Check: http://www.factcheck.org/
"Holding politicians accountable." The site creators examine recent statements by politicians or political organizations from any political party, and print the claim, test its truthfulness, and cite their sources.

Huell's Interactive LA (KCET): http://www.kcet.org/programsa-z/huells/index.php
California-centric; but pretty darn cool. Join Huell Howser on a video tour of LA's history and neighborhoods. Click on a location and get brief background info as well as a video.
Grade Level: Early Childhood (K-2), Elementary, Middle School, High School, College, Adult/Professional
Content Area: Community Interest (Leisure), Community Interest (Regional Information), History & Social Studies (Geography & Cultures)

Manifestations of Shiva: http://athome.harvard.edu/dh/mos.html
"In this program, Professor Diana Eck introduces us to the mythology, imagery, and pilgrimage places of the Hindu great god Shiva. With video from the course Hindu Myth, Image, and Pilgrimage and an accompanying interview, the program follows Professor Eck as she approaches Indian civilization through her exploration of Shiva and his holy family, grounding understanding of this culture in the landscape of India."

Prussia
Gallery of Prussian Kings: http://www.preussen.de/en/history/gallery_of_kings.html
Gallery of Prussian Palaces: http://www.preussen.de/en/history/gallery_of_palaces.html
Electronic Jigsaw Puzzle: Prussian Homage by Jan Matejko: http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art14565.asp
Preussen: http://www.hyperdictionary.com/search.aspx?Dict=&define=preussen

Air Force Link: http://www.af.mil/

World Maps and Atlases: http://www.mapsarea.com/
A guide to world maps and atlases, place name sites, map libraries, weather maps, historical maps, interactive maps, and more.

Online Speech Bank: http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speechbank.htm
"an index to and growing database of 5000+ full text, audio and video (streaming) versions of public speeches, sermons, legal proceedings, lectures, debates, interviews, other recorded media events, and a
declaration or two." Browse alphabetically for speeches and speakers, or by broad topics like Christian Rhetoric, Movie Speeches, The Rhetoric of 9-11, etc.

New Dream Marketplace [the Conscious Consumer Marketplace]: http://www.newdream.org/consumer/marketplace.html
"We make it easier for you to buy environmentally and socially responsible versions of everyday items-from coffee to paper to energy for your home. Just click on the links below and we'll get you to the nearest local or online source for the goods."

Recalls.gov: http://www.recalls.gov/
One stop shopping for recalls of defective products, consolidating information from six government agencies.

Secrets and Spies: http://www.pro.gov.uk/virtualmuseum/spies/default.htm

Maps that Teach: U. S. and World Geography: http://www.yourchildlearns.com/geography.htm

Geographia: http://www.interknowledge.com/

CountryReports.org: http://www.countryreports.org/

World Atlas: http://go.hrw.com/atlas/norm_htm/world.htm
also in Spanish

Countries.com: http://www.countries.com/countries_a-z.html

USING PRIMARY SOURCES ON THE WEB: http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/RUSA/
Users of primary sources have always needed to examine their sources critically, but with the proliferation of electronic resources from a wide variety of web site producers, evaluation is more important than
ever before. Users of web resources must now consider the authenticity of documents, what person or organization is the Internet provider, and whether the electronic version serves their needs. This brief guide is designed to provide students and researchers with information to help them evaluate the Internet sources and the quality of primary materials that can be found online.

National Security Archive: http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/
"an independent non-governmental research institute and library located at The George Washington University in Washington, D.C. The Archive collects and publishes declassified documents acquired through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)." Among the resources: the September 11 Sourcebooks, The Cuban Missile Crisis, and "Eyes on Saddam, U.S. Overhead Imagery of Iraq."

INSCR: Peace and Conflict Series: http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/peace.htm
"This full-color, 72-page global report details major trends in armed conflict, self-determination movements, and democracy through the contemporary era, 1946-2002, and provides a "conflict ledger" assessing each country's "peace-building capacity" in 2003." The 2001 edition is also available for comparison.

Picture History: http://www.picturehistory.com/
"an on-line archive of images and film footage illuminating more than 200 years of American history." Viewing is free. Downloads and prints are not. An online magazine tells stories behind the pictures.

Primary Sources on the Web: http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/RUSA/
Excellent tutorial that defines primary sources, shows how to find them on the web and evaluate them, and then cite them appropriately.

History Matters: http://historymatters.gmu.edu/

Free Tourists maps - United States and Canada: http://www.rogergravel.com/wsl/free_maps.html

State Web Games: http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/web_games.htm

GEOSPY!: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geospy/
Fun, interactive games to learn states, provences and countries

American Notes: Travel in America, 1750-1920: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/lhtnhtml/lhtnhome.html
"253 published narratives by Americans and foreign visitors recounting their travels in the colonies and the United States and their observations and opinions about American peoples, places, and society ..."

The Geo-Mystery Project: http://www.hern.hawaii.edu/hern96/pt053/GEOMYstery/geomys.html
Query: What is unique about where you live? What is unique about a place?
Draw or photograph the place where you live. find the latitude and longitude and others email back to see if they have guessed the city or area. There are also pictures and hints for places for students to look at and read so they can decide what place is being described.

SeaWorld/Busch Gardens - Geography: http://www.seaworld.org/just-for-teachers/lsa/i-035/pdf/4-8.pdf
Grades 4-8 Classroom Geography

Open Lines - Kids Connect on Current Events: http://www.openlines.org/

Crazyfads.com: http://www.crazyfads.com/
"From 1920 to 1990 we list all of the craziest fads that have come and gone." Includes unexplainable crazes like poodle skirts, telephone booth stuffing, tie-dye shirts, streaking, beanie babies, and lots more.

DinoData: http://www.dinodata.net/
Most of this is pure science, with info on anatomy, fossil sites, genera, earth history, and such, but there's also a glossary, illustrations, news, and a DinoKids section.

Educational Software from Owl & Mouse: http://www.yourchildlearns.com/owlmouse.htm
Mostly free, mostly social studies

The 40th Anniversary of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/civilrights/anniversary/
This site has a collection of reports and recommended books and articles, as well as with a photo gallery of the march and text and audio of King's "I Have a Dream" speech.

Public Record Office Virtual Museum: http://www.pro.gov.uk/virtualmuseum/
Including exhibits of "landmark documents that have helped shape the course of British History," the Millennium Galleries of 1,000 years of British history, and a special exhibit on the history of espionage.

Australian Animals, Birds & Minibeasts: http://www.edna.edu.au/edna/page1439.html
The Early Childhood specific searches include: Australian Animals; Australian Birds; Australian Minibeasts; and Australian Reptiles.

Blackout History Project: http://blackout.gmu.edu/index.html
Visitors are invited to help create a historical record of the New York City blackouts of 1965 and 1977 by writing about their experiences and posting them on. A library of published articles and research reports on those blackouts is available.

How Everyday Things Are Made: http://manufacturing.stanford.edu/
"an introductory website showing how various items are made. It covers over 40 different products and manufacturing processes, and includes almost 4 hours of manufacturing video. It is targeted towards
non-engineers and engineers alike."

Imaging Everest [Royal Geographical Society]:
http://imagingeverest.rgs.org/Concepts/Virtual_Everest/-1.html
Photos of the history of Everest, the Tibetan people, sherpas, expeditions of the 20s and 30s, the 1953 expedition, and more.

Nuremberg Trials Project: a Digital Document Collection:
http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/php/docs_swi.php?DI=1&text=overview
"the Library has begun a digital project to create and present images or full-text versions of its [one million pages of] Nuremberg documents on the Internet, along with analytical information about each document and general information about the trials."

Six Questions to Ask on Back to School Night: http://www.edexcellence.net/socialstudies/Sixquestions.pdf
The Thomas B. Fordham Foundation Friday, August 22, 2003
Suggestions for parents wanting to appraise their child’s social studies curriculum.

World Press Review - World News from World Newspapers: http://www.worldpress.org/

San Francisco Historical Photograph Collection - SFPL.org
http://sfpl4.sfpl.org/librarylocations/sfhistory/browse.htm
Great stuff here, including photos of the Golden Gate Bridge as it's being constructed, earthquakes (including from 1868!), the Golden Gate International Exhibition, libraries (some from as far back as 1870), cable cars, opera houses, union activities, and views from every decade, 1850 to the present.

GeoSpy: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geospy/?c=3Q03Maps&n=F2Aug&t=email

The Digital Journalist: Feature Presentations: http://dirckhalstead.org/feature.html
This collection of digital journalism by a variety of reporters shows the net's capacity for thorough and compelling journalism. Stories include photos and video clips, on such topics as "Life under the Taliban," "AIDS and Photography," "Stories from Blind America," "Requiem, by the Photographers Who Died in Vietnam and Cambodia," a review of the career of photojournalist Alfred Eisenstaedt, and lots more.

First Amendent Center Online: http://www.firstamendmentcenter.org/
Includes first amendment-related news stories, a library of articles, lesson plans, and more. Click on First Amendment Topics for background articles on school dress codes, campus speech codes, cameras in the courtroom, public religious displays, rating and labeling of entertainment, etc.

History Detectives: http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/
Offers additional background material for the stories researched in the PBS program, and also includes backgrounders on historical research, investigative techniques, and a "do it yourself" primer.

Mountain Explorer: http://www.peakbagger.com/
"an evolving database of images, text, maps, and tables providing random information about the major peaks and ranges of the world." Entries can be any combination of encyclopedic description with climbing notes, photos, and Greg Slayden's personal journal entries.

FACSNET Daily News Briefing: http://www.facsnet.org/issues/apd/aptoday.php3
It takes what it considers to be the four biggest stories and for each of them supplies Newslinks, Backgrounders, interviewable News Sources, and Internet Resources, which are often links to the full texts of official documents.

The Journalists' Toolbox: http://www.journaliststoolbox.com/
A directory of more than 20,000 Web resources. You can do a keyword search, or browse topics such as business research, crime, expert sources, listservs, public records, Form
990s (charities' tax filings), state government, teaching tools, etc.

Power Reporting: http://www.powerreporting.com/
In partnership with the Columbia Journalism Review, it offers "Thousands of free research tools for journalists," arranged by beats, as well as finding tools for companies, nonprofits, people, media,
government, and journalism. "Alerts for Journalists" is well worth checking out: it lists e-mail alerting services by subject. The site also includes a list of its Top 100 Web Sites, and a tutorial on web searching. All of these would be useful in an information literacy class: check out its Newsroom Treasure Hunt and see how well you do.

Fannie Lou Hamer-Freedom Fighter: http://storymakers.net/fannielouhamer.swf

Cities and Buildings Database: http://content.lib.washington.edu/cities/
This "collection of digitized images of buildings and cities drawn from across time and throughout the world...now contains over 5000 images ranging from New York to Central Asia, from African villages, to the Parc de la Villette, and conceptual sketches and models of Frank Gehry's Experience Music Project."

MapsArea: http://www.mapsarea.com/
Annotated links to map sources, free clip art of continents and countries, place name information, weather map sites, health atlases, interactive mapping services, and more.

PhotoVoyage: http://wpni01.auroraquanta.com/
"Exploring your world through our lens." The site appears to be photojournalism from the Washington Post. A number of photo feature articles are available (Death Row in Texas, Navajo Rodeos, MayaQuest, etc.), as is The Day in Photos, and audio and video news footage.

RoadsidePeek.com: http://RoadsidePeek.com/
Great for nostalgia buffs. "Roadside Peek will take you on a roadside journey in time. As you travel, visit old motels, bowling alleys, drive-in theatres, neon signs, petrol pumps, googie sites, tiki villages, and
much more."

Vatican Museums: http://mv.vatican.va/3_EN/pages/MV_Home.html
Take a virtual tour, zooming in on images you want to see in greater detail.

The president of the United State has several duties. The Constitution spells out some of them; other have evolved over time. How a president performs these roles depends on his personality, his view of the role of government, and the situation facing him.
For basic information about presidential duties (and their relationship to congressional action), link to Article II in CongressLink's online version of the U.S. Constitution at: http://www.congresslink.org/artcl2.html
What in the World Should Congress Do?: http://www.congresslink.org/lessonplans/MEDforeignpolicy.html
This lesson plan looks at the relationship between the president and Congress in the conduct of foreign policy. Although the president is often described as the nation's "Chief Diplomat," what role does Congress play in the formulation and development of foreign policy?
In diplomacy and domestic policy, a president can sometimes get around Congress by issuing executive orders. Learn more about these legally binding actions at What is an Executive Order? -- ThisNation.com: http://www.aboutgovernment.org/executivebranch.htm#functions
Because of court decisions, customs, laws, and other developments, the president's role has greatly expanded over the years due to his responsibilities and powers. To help remember the achievements and roles of some of America's presidents, take the game show quiz American Presidency Game Show Quiz:
http://www.congressforkids.net/games/executivebranch/2_execbranch.htm

U.S. census information from 1790 into the 1800s that is free
United States Historical Census Data Browser 1790 to 1960: http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/census/
EDSITEment - Jamestown Changes: http://edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?id=269
The Valley of the Shadow:
http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/vcdh/teaching/vclassroom/immigrationinstr.html
EconEdLinks - Contains lesson plans for the 2000 Census:
http://www.census.gov/dmd/www/teachers.html
Accessing and Investigating Data Using the World Wide Web-Part 2: State Population Projections:
http://illuminations.nctm.org///lessonplans/3-5/data2/index.html
Landmarks for Schools: http://www.landmark-project.com/index.php

National Portrait Gallery [UK]: http://www.npg.org.uk/live/search/
"The online database contains information on 45,199 works, 21,821 of which are illustrated; the National Portrait Gallery's collection includes over 310,000 works." Search by sitter, artist, or portrait.

The United Press International-Photos: http://www.upi.com/photos/index.cfm
maintains an archive of 100,000+ images, adding 1,200 more each month. If you're looking for a photo that made the news, chances are you'll find it here.

History/Social Studies Web Site for K-12 Teachers: http://my.execpc.com/~dboals/boals.html

Click2History Story Directory: http://click2history.com/index2.htm

Popular Songs in American History: http://www.contemplator.com/america/

Women's Biographies-Distinguished Women of Past and Present:
http://www.distinguishedwomen.com/

Nation Master: http://www.nationmaster.com/
The Nation Master is a resource for finding out any number of current details about just about any country in the world. For easy reference, the main Web page features the most frequently requested
stats, such as televisions and military expenditures per capita. Nation Master also allows visitors the option of creating their own graphs in order to effectively compare different nations. The site also
has links to national profiles. Additionally, the site has a search engine, and a place where visitors can read short facts on the different countries. Apart from being interesting to browse through, the site will be
helpful for students looking for basic statistics on the world's different countries.
Grade Level: Elementary, Middle School, High School, College, Adult/Professional
Content Area: Community Interest (Reference Desk), History & Social Studies (Geography & Cultures)

BBC-Beasts-Fossil Fun: http://www.bbc.co.uk/beasts/fossilfun/

Native Cultures Around the World: http://65.42.153.210/kidspace/start.cfm?HoldNode=623&HoldNav=625

The "Who Am I" Program: http://www.kidlink.org/kie/nls/index.html

Panama Canal
How the Panama Canal Works plus canal history, java animation: http://www.ared.com/kora/java/pcc/javaani.html
Miraflores Locks: http://www.pancanal.com/eng/photo/camera-java.html
This camera shows operations at the Miraflores Locks and other points of interest in the Canal.
Panama: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/panama.html
Panama Canal: http://www.infonetsa.com/infonetsa/in/jrt1.htm
Panama Canal: Creation, History and Current Events: http://www.escapeartist.com/panama4/panama4.htm
Pedro Miguel Locks: http://www.jarogers.com/lock.htm
Learning Objective: By the end of this unit the students will be able to explain the political, economical, medical, and technical, aspects of the Panama Canal by searching the Internet, and gathering information about the Panama Canal from other sources, summarize the information by creating a web page with the pertinent information.

Geography Lesson Plans and Resources: http://www.cloudnet.com/~edrbsass/edgeography.htm

Helen Keller Kids Museum: http://www.afb.org/braillebug/hkmuseum.asp

Historic Cities: Maps and Documents: http://historic-cities.huji.ac.il/
"contains maps, literature, documents, books and other relevant material concerning the past, present and future of historic cities..." In Europe and the near East, that is. See how cities like Rome, Jerusalem,
Barcelona, Paris, Cairo, etc., have changed over time.

ExplorePAhistory: http://www.explorepahistory.com/ExplorePAHistory/home.do?

Portals of the World-Links to Electronic Resources Around the World: http://www.loc.gov/rr/international/portals.html

The Centennial Exhibition Digital Collection: http://libwww.library.phila.gov/CenCol/
Philadelphia 1876

Animated Atlas: Growth of a Nation: http://www.animatedatlas.com/movie.html
A ten minute narrated movie, divided into smaller segments, which depicts the geographic history of the United States from the beginning of the nation to fifty states. Geographic elements are interactive, as
is the timeline. It will take sixty seconds to load with a 56K modem. A teachers' guide is located at:
http://www.animatedatlas.com/teachersguide.html#growth-class

Manitoba's Regional Heritage Fairs: http://www.mts.net/~llacroix/heritage_fair.htm
This site includes a teachers manual on running a Heritage Fair.

National History Day: http://www.nationalhistoryday.org/

Six Billion and Beyond: http://www.pbs.org/sixbillion/
In late 1999, the world's population surpassed the six billion mark. How is rapid population growth affecting both developed and developing nations? What impact will an additional billion people have on our world, future generations and the rest of life on earth? This in-depth site focuses on the issues of population, reproductive health and the environment. A study guide is available.

Economic Impacts of Climate Change: http://lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/research/cie/cie.html
This site details how weather is used to explain seasonal and year-to-year changes in economic performance.

A Brief Digital History of Fashion: http://alpha.furman.edu/~kgossman/history/
This joint faculty/student project from Furman University is an excellent guide to fashion in Western civilization. Arranged in chronological order, each section includes images, an explanation of terms, links,
bibliography, and a timeline of events of that period.

Era of the Clipper Ships: http://www.eraoftheclipperships.com/
A collection of images and history of the great clippers, including an extensive bibliography.

Historical Voices: http://www.historicalvoices.org/
"The purpose of Historical Voices is to create a significant, fully searchable online database of spoken word collections spanning the 20th century - the first large-scale repository of its kind. Historical Voices
will both provide storage for these digital holdings and display public galleries that cover a variety of interests and topics."

Michigan Social Study Educators: http://www.michiganepic.org/historythemes/

Explore The Taj-Mahal: http://www.taj-mahal.net/

CountryWatch: http://www.countrywatch.com/
Information, maps and news articles on countries.

Missouri Botanical Gardens: http://mbgnet.mobot.org/
Biomes and ecosystems sites.

Biomes of the World: http://www.ups.edu/biology/museum/worldbiomes.html

Sciencespot: http://www.sciencespot.net/Pages/kdzbionature.html

Earth Observatory-Biomes: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Laboratory/Biome/

Principal Rivers of the World: http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001779.html
Basic information on large rivers of the world.

MidHudson Valley
Website of the Village of Monticello (NY): http://www.village.monticello.ny.us/
This site contains a gallery of old photos and postcards of "Old Monticello" and the surrounding area.
Town of Bethel New York Official Website: http://www.townofbethel.com/
The site features portions of a Sullivan County gazetteer and business directory from the early 1870's.
Town of Goshen (NY): http://www.townofgoshen.org/
Town of Wallkill (NY): http://www.townofwallkill.com/
Town of Woodstock (NY): http://www.woodstockny.org/
City of Kingston New York: http://www.ci.kingston.ny.us/
This site offers online polls and a history section complete with details on how the British burned the city during the American Revolution.
Washingtonville New York: http://www.washingtonville-ny.org/
Village of Tuxedo Park (NY): http://www.votuxpk.com/

GET THE LESSON PLAN OF THE DAY:
http://newsletter.tolerance.org/cgi-bin4/DM/y/eL7e0FEDxx0C1L0BzIS0Ag
Teaching Tolerance scours the Web for great lesson plans and activities that underscore themes of tolerance and diversity -- and that meet the needs of academic subject areas.

SOUND CLIPS: http://gi.grolier.com/presidents/gallery/sound.html
Download these sound clips to listen to key moments in presidential history.

Gifts of Speech-Women's Speeches From Around the World: http://gos.sbc.edu/

NationMaster.com-Interactive Country Comparisons: http://www.nationmaster.com/
NationMaster uses data found in the CIA World Factbook 2002 and allows users to rank nations into the Top and Bottom 5, 10, and 20, and by various regions. You can compare countries in more than 150 categories, covering communications, economy, geography, military, people, transportation, and
more.

Teaching Tolerance organization has a free 40 min. VHS film and kit about Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott: http://www.tolerance.org/teach/expand/act/activity.jsp?ar=365#

Community Information by Zip Code: http://library.csun.edu/mfinley/zipstats.html

Proceedings of the Old Bailey, London, 1674-1834: http://www.oldbaileyonline.org/

Non-U.S. on-line news sources in English
Yahoo! News - World section: http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=index2&cid=721
International Herald Tribune: http://www.iht.com/
Canada: http://www.globeandmail.ca/
Canada: http://www.nationalpost.ca/home/
UK-BBC: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi.html
UK-http://www.timesonline.co.uk/
UK-http://www.guardian.co.uk/
UK-http://www.telegraph.co.uk
Netherlands-http://www.rnw.nl/
Israel - http://www.haaretz.com/
Israel - http://www.jpost.com/
Lebanon - http://www.dailystar.com.lb
Egypt - http://english.daralhayat.com/
Saudi - http://www.arabnews.com/
Japan - http://www.japantimes.co.jp/
Asia Times - http://www.atimes.com/
India - http://www.tribuneindia.com/
India - http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com

Worldometers: http://www.osearth.com/resources/worldometers/
This statistics simulation site displays a running count of world statistics in Economy and Government, Population, Energy, Food Supply, Health, Education and Environment. Each topic shows statistics for a number of sub-headings.

Kidon Media-Link: http://www.kidon.com/media-link/index.shtml
News from newspapers, magazines, television, radio, and news agencies around the world written in English.

Children's Encyclopedia of Women:
http://www2.lhric.org/pocantico/womenenc/womenenc.htm
Introduce your class to important women throughout history with this Web site created by third and fourth grade students. Students can research individual women, or view a timeline of achievements from 68 B.C. to the present.

NationStates: http://www.nationstates.net/cgi-bin/index.cgi
This site is free and lets you design your own nation/state with telegrams coming to you, as
well as messages and issues to decide. Watch for the language of some of the other nations that are in the UN. You do not need to use that part of the site.

Mr. Kash's Home Page: http://home.earthlink.net/~jkash/

The Center for Civic Education: http://www.civiced.org/
This is a site with lessons to teach civics and government.

Gilder Lehrman Institute on American History: www.gliah.uh.edu/index.cfm
This site has everything from primary documents to lessons to seminars for teachers.

We the People ...the Citizen and the Constitution: http://www.civiced.org/wethepeople.html

MIDI National Anthems: http://www.gergo.com/home/midi/anthems.htm

National Anthems: http://www.thenationalanthems.com/

Digital History: http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/
Here is a primary resource site offering an immense digital archive of links to information that includes historic photos, documents, newspapers, journal entries, maps, famous speeches, music and even an Ask-the-Expert section entitled "Ask the HyperHistorian".

The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press: http://people-press.org/

Dr. Selma Burke
Dr. Selma Burke: http://www.octobergallery.com/artists/burke.htm
Selma Burke was a gifted artist: http://www.aaregistry.com/african_american_history/642/Selma_Burke_was_a_gifted_artist

African Americans in the Visual Arts: http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/aavaahp.htm

Perception of Place:
http://www.marcopolo-education.org/mg/lesson63.aspx
Students explore their perceptions about a geographic location, and then perform a skit to share their feelings with the class. For grades 9-12.

Birthday Traditions from Around the World: http://www.kidsparties.com/traditions.htm
The history of children's birthday parties can be traced to Germany where they are called Kinderfeste. Today in Germany, birthday candles (one for each year) are lit first thing in the morning, and left burning all day. After dinner, the birthday child blows out the candles and makes a wish. Visit this site to learn how birthday parties are celebrated around the world, and add your own family's birthday traditions to the list via email submission. Look for the email address just under the "Family Birthday Traditions" heading in the middle of the page.

Congress For Kids: http://www.congressforkids.net/
"Congress for Kids" gives students access to interactive experiences designed to help them learn about the foundation of our federal government and how its actions affect them. It is designed for students in grades four through high school.

Children Now: Talking with Kids about the News: http://www.childrennow.org/television/twk-news.htm
CURRENT EVENTS: http://www.lawrence.org/lms/depts/Technology/CurrentEvents8
Time For Kids: http://www.timeforkids.com has a news ticker as a banner at the top of their page. There are two or three stories which can be clicked. When clicked, they give an elementary age story about current events. They are also easily printed if you prefer to do it off line.
CNN has a site for Teachers: http://fyi.cnn.com/2002/fyi/news/08/09/student.news/
It explains how to record a special 10 minute program in the wee hours of the morning to use with the kids that day.
Social Studies Curriculum Links-Current Events: http://www.msad54.k12.me.us/MSAD54Pages/Curriculum%20Resources/currentevents.html
New York Times website: http://www.nytimes.com/learning
ABC News4Kids: http://abcnews.go.com/abcnews4kids/kids/
Scholastic News Zone: http://teacher.scholastic.com/newszone/index.asp
Current Events Theme Page: http://www.cln.org/themes/current.html
KidsPost.com: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/education/kidspost/
Pencil News: http://www.msnbc.com/local/pencilnews/default.asp
Twenty-five Great Ideas for Teaching Current Events:
http://www.education-world.com/a_lesson/lesson072.shtml
Teacher's Guide for Using the Professional Cartoonist's Index: http://cagle.slate.msn.com/teacher/
NewsCurrents: http://www.newscurrents.com/intro/index.html
News of the Century: http://www.newsofthecentury.com/

A Timeline of Irish History: http://www.rootsweb.com/~fianna/history/index.html

About the Dust Bowl: http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/depression/dustbowl.htm
Dust Bowl Days Lesson Plans: http://edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?ID=300

The Endurance: http://www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/features/endurance/home/index.shtml
In 1914, a small team of explorers set sail for Antarctica, seeking to be the first to cross this vast continent. Photographer Frank Hurley chronicled their 22-month ordeal, climbing masts, trekking across cracking ice sheets and heading out into the frigid night to take his incredible pictures. He even dove into icy water to retrieve his glass-plate negatives after the Endurance sank.

The Jamestown Online Adventure: http://www.historyglobe.com/jamestown/
Take a trip back in time and take on the role of Captain of the Jamestown Colony. It's your job to
establish a successful settlement. Can you do better than the real colonists? You'll have a copy of "London Company's Instructions" to guide you, plus your colonists and nearby Native Americans to ask for advice.

AROUND THE WORLD IN 72 DAYS: http://www.pbs.org/amex/world
The daring and ambitious Nellie Bly talked her way into an improbable job on a newspaper, became known as "the best reporter in America," and traveled around the world in 72 days -- beating Jules Verne's fictional record. In an era of Victorian reserve, she would become a household name by
doing things a woman wasn't supposed to do. Read about Nellie's stay at Blackwell's Island Lunatic
Asylum, trace her path around the world, and listen to the Stephen Foster song that gave Nellie her name.

ELEANOR: http://www.pbs.org/amex/eleanor
For more than thirty years, she was the most powerful woman in America. Niece of one president and wife of another, Eleanor Roosevelt was at the center of much of twentieth-century history -- a charismatic woman of charm and of contradictions. Check out Eleanor's FBI file and relive Eleanor's historic
tour of the South Pacific in 1943.

FLY GIRLS: http://www.pbs.org/amex/flygirls
From 1942 to 1944, more than 1,000 American women ferried aircraft, tested planes, instructed male pilots, and towed targets for anti-aircraft artillery practice. Former WASPs recall the planes they flew, the challenges they met, and the pride they felt in playing a role in the American war effort. Watch video clips of a B-29 taking off and in flight, trace flygirl Teresa James' 1943 trips, and read an excerpt from a WASP's memoirs.

HAWAII'S LAST QUEEN: http://www.pbs.org/amex/hawaii
On January 16, 1893, four boatloads of United States Marines came ashore on the independent island kingdom of Hawaii and headed for the palace. The following day, Queen Lili'uokalani surrendered at gunpoint, yielding her throne to the government of the United States. Examine a timeline of the Queen Lili'uokalani's life and learn more about Hawaiian history, listen to the Queen's best known composition, "Aloha Oe," and test your knowledge of Hawaii.

PRISM (Polar Radar for Ice Sheet Measurements): http://ku-prism.org/index.html

Slavery In America: http://www.slaveryinamerica.org/

The History of Jim Crow: http://jimcrowhistory.org/

Primary Sources
Using Primary Sources: http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/calheritage/k12/primary_lesson.htm
Read UC Berkeley's ideas on evaluating Web sources. In this activity, students design personal "archival boxes" with pictures, poems, essays, maps, timelines, and stories about their families.
Using Primary Sources In the Classroom: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/lessons/primary.html
Find suggestions for using primary source documents and suggestions on how "student activities can help you enhance your social studies curriculum using authentic artifacts, documents, photographs, and manuscripts from the Library of Congress Historical Collections and other sources."
How To Use Primary Sources: http://www.jerseyhistory.org/howtofind.html
The New Jersey Historical Society offers four sample lessons online that illustrate wise instructional use of primary source documents.
Using Primary Source Documents In the Classroom: http://www.ohiohistory.org/resource/teachers/primary.html
From the Ohio Historical Society, this site contains a general lesson plan that can serve as a starting point for original class activities.
Using Primary Sources on the Internet to Teach and Learn History: http://www.ericfacility.net/ericdigests/ed442739.html
Deanne Shiroma's article for ERIC briefly addresses the types of primary sources and outlines how to locate sources online.

Decades.com: http://www.decades.com/
Search each decade

60's WebQuest: http://europa.tcs.tufts.edu/teach21c/private/pbu/files/138/yesterday_200
20525065838/Yesterday/index.htm

Social Studies And History Links: http://www.geocities.com/garysdeskcom/SocialStudies.html
This web page has links to Canadian, British, United States, Chinese, Jewish, Arab, Russian and Cuban news sites. A student can go to the web page and get an international perspective on the same news story.

News topics for kids:
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/students/pop/
http://www.timeforkids.com/TFK/
http://teacher.scholastic.com/scholasticnews/
http://abcnews.go.com/abcnews4kids/kids/
http://pencilnews.com/index.php
http://www.yahooligans.com/content/news/
http://www.weeklyreader.com/homepage.asp
http://www.msnbc.com/news/nw-teennewsweek_front.asp

NewsNow: http://www.newsnow.co.uk/

The Martin and Osa Johnson Safari Museum: http://www.safarimuseum.com/about_museum.htm
Museum of a Kansas couple's trips in Africa

American Centuries: Views from New England: http://www.memorialhall.mass.edu/ features 1,800 objects & documents from Memorial Hall Museum & Library, located in Old Deerfield, MA. The site includes instructional units (everyday life in a New England town & graveyard-centered research); a mini-encyclopedia of important people, places, & events in New England; & interactive web activities (scavenger hunt). One exhibit looks at family life, land, Native Americans, African Americans, &
newcomers at 3 turns of the century: 1700, 1800, & 1900.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 & the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/civil_rights_act/civil_rights_act.html provides a summary, history, & teaching activities related to the EEOC & this historic law, which forbade
discrimination on the basis of sex & race in hiring, promoting, & firing.

A Date Which Will Live in Infamy: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/day_of_infamy/day_of_infamy.html shows the typewritten draft of the December 8, 1941, speech in which Franklin Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan. The draft shows Roosevelt's hand-written edits, including his change of the phrase "a date which will live in world history" to "a date which will live in infamy." Students can also listen to the beginning of the speech.

FDR's Fireside Chat on the Purposes & Foundations of the Recovery Program: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/fdr_fireside_chat/fireside_chat.html displays the text of one of Franklin Roosevelt's fireside chats with the American people. In this July 24, 1933, radio
broadcast, he addressed issues of the Great Depression & described what industry, employers, & workers could do to bring about economic recovery.

FDR's First Inaugural Address: Declaring 'War' on the Great Depression: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/fdr_inaugural_address/fdr_inaugural_address.html shows photos from that time. It includes Franklin Roosevelt's first inaugural address, in which he said, "I shall ask the Congress for the one remaining instrument to meet the crisis [the Depression] -- broad Executive power to wage a war against the emergency, as great as the power that would be given to me if we were in fact invaded by a foreign foe."

Glidden's Patent Application for Barbed Wire: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/barbed_wire_patent/barbed_wire_patent.html presents the drawing & description that helped Joseph Glidden, a farmer from De Kalb, Illinois, win a patent for barbed wire in 1874. Glidden's design remains today the most familiar style of barbed wire. This site also examines the considerable impact of barbed wire on the economy, society, & politics in the West.

North American Slave Narratives: http://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/neh.html is a collection of more than 250 memoirs, autobiographies, & narratives from individuals who were slaves. An African king who was sold into slavery, the dress maker for Mary Todd Lincoln, the servant of Robert E. Lee during the
Civil War, & the nurse of George Washington are included, as are stories of Sojourner Truth, George Washington Carver, Booker T. Washington, & others. These firsthand accounts describe the
conditions of slavery & a number of slave escapes to freedom.

Photographs of the 369th Infantry & African Americans During World War I: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/wwi_369th_infantry/wwi_369th_infantry.html highlights an all-black regiment that rose to fame at a time when the Army, federal workers, & other parts of society were segregated. The 369th Infantry, also known as the "Harlem Hellfighters," was among the first regiments to arrive in France in 1917 after the U.S. declared war on Germany. The regiment spent 191 days in combat, longer than any other American unit, & emerged as one of the most decorated regiments during the Great War.

Political Cartoons Illustrating Progressivism & the Election of 1912: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/election_cartoons_1912/election_cartoons_1912.html offers teaching activities, four political cartoons, & a narrative about reforms proposed by three major presidential
candidates in 1912: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, & Woodrow Wilson.

Race & Slavery Petitions: http://history.uncg.edu/slaverypetitions/ is a collection of more than two dozen
legislative & county court petitions that were filed in southern states between the American Revolution & the Civil War. Tens of thousands of southerners petitioned their legislatures for redress of grievances during this time. These petitions show the complex nature of race & slavery.

Run for Your Lives! The Johnstown Flood of 1889: http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/5johnstown/5johnstown.htm commemorates the most devastating flood in the U.S. in the 19th century & the greatest national catastrophe in the post-Civil War era. At 4:07 on the chilly, wet afternoon of May 31, 1889, the inhabitants Johnstown, Pennsylvania, heard a low rumble that grew to a "roar like thunder." Some knew immediately what had happened: the South Fork Dam, after a night of heavy rain, had broken. The break sent a 36-foot wall of water rolling at 40 miles per hour toward Johnstown, a town of 30,000 people. More than 2,200 people were killed.

Sow the Seeds of Victory! Posters from the Food Administration During World War I: http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/sow_the_seeds/sow_the_seeds.html tells how Herbert Hoover, as head of the new U.S. Food Administration, convinced Americans to conserve food during the Great War. Homeowners were urged to sign pledge cards to conserve food. Many observed wheatless Mondays, meatless Tuesdays, & porkless Saturdays. This website includes posters that helped carry one of the messages of Hoover & the Wilson administration: that "Food will win the war."

Valley Forge: http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/revwar/vafo/vafooverview.html looks at this famous campsite that marked a turning point in the American Revolution. By the fall of 1777, General Washington had suffered more defeats than victories. He sought a winter campsite that would allow observation of the British army without exposure to surprise attack. In December, he led 12,000 men into Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, for a 6-month encampment while the British camped 20 miles away in Philadelphia. The winter was severe. Nearly 2,000 American soldiers died of disease. But the Continental Army learned discipline & organization here that,
coupled with French assistance on land & sea, helped turn the tide of the war.

Yiddish Radio Project: http://www.yiddishradioproject.org/ preserves recordings from the golden age of
Yiddish radio (1930s-50s). Online exhibits include "Yiddish melodies in Swing," the history of Yiddish radio, "Rabbi Rubin's Court of the Air," radio dramas of Nahum Stutchkoff, "Levine & His Flying Machine," & commercials on Yiddish radio. Audio clips accompany each exhibit.

Oz's Table of Contents: http://www.teacheroz.com/toc.htm

Buffalo Bill
Buffalo Bill Grave and Museum: http://buffalobill.org/
Buffalo Bill Historic Center: http://www.bbhc.org/

Yellowstone National Park
American Visionaries: Thomas Moran: http://www.cr.nps.gov/museum/exhibits/moran/
Thomas Moran was an early twentieth-century American artist whose Yellowstone watercolors where shown to Congress by national park proponents. His artwork was a powerful argument, and Congress established the National Park System (NPS) in 1916. This Web exhibit features Moran's watercolors and sketches and the photography of William Henry Jackson, another member of the original Yellowstone survey team.
Old Faithful Geyser Web Cam: http://www.nps.gov/yell/oldfaithfulcam.htm Yellowstone is famous for its 200 geysers, and Old Faithful is the most famous of all. Although it is neither the largest nor most regular, it's popular because it erupts more frequently than the other big Yellowstone geysers. Each morning, the Old Faithful Web Cam site calculates the day's schedule, based on an average interval of eighty minutes between eruptions. When you arrive, you'll see a countdown to the next expected performance and a real-time photo that refreshes every thirty seconds. If you visit at night, or can't wait for the next live show, check out the archive of past eruptions.PBS: Yellowstone: America's Sacred Wilderness: http://www.pbs.org/edens/yellowstone/
This site has prose, photographs, 3-D tours and three Webquests for students in grades four through six.. Start your adventure with the virtual panoramic tours of Mammoth Hot Springs, Tower Fall and Old Faithful. Other clicks are Reflections on Yellowstone (a look the land and the threats closing in on it), Featured Creatures (bears, wolves, elk and bison), and the Yellowstone screensavers for Mac and Windows.

Heroes
Gail Lovely, Educator: www.GailLovely.com
Resources for teaching a unit on heroes
My Hero: http://www.myhero.com/home.asp
This site profiles human rights heroes, Italian heroes, family heroes, freedom heroes, teacher heroes, and many others.
Heroic Activities to Celebrate Heroes: http://www.education-world.com/a_lesson/lesson218.shtml
Ten activities that help students define the heroes in their lives. A description of each lesson includes appropriate grade levels.
Time 100: Heroes and Icons: http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/index.html
Read about 20 people who articulate the last 100 years with courage, ability, and grace. View the Heroes and Icons Timeline and photo essays of the 20th century.
Black Voices.com: Unsung Heroes: http://www.blackvoices.com/unsungheroes/
Pick a city and learn about black community heroes across the nation.
In Search of a Hero (A WebQuest): http://coe.west.asu.edu/students/lcooper/wpheroesmenu.htm
Most appropriate for Middle shool students

Presidential Baseball: http://prezbaseball.org/
What do Richard Nixon and Pete Rose have in common? Test both your baseball and Presidential trivia IQ's at this fun, interactive game site. There is also a baseball game comparing Supreme Court Judges and baseball players.

First World War.Com: http://www.firstworldwar.com/
This site was created and is maintained by Michael Duffy. Numerous sections include: How It Began, Battles, Who's Who, Timeline, On This Day, Vintage Audio, Photos, first person accounts, and more.
Also includes a Search Tool.
Grade Level: Elementary, Middle School, High School, College, Adult/Professional
Content Area: Community Interest (Reference Desk), History & Social Studies (World History)

By the Great Horn Spoon! A Gold Rush Adventure:
http://library.thinkquest.org/50048/?tqskip1=1&tqtime=1126
Dig into an exciting learning exploration of the California Gold Rush through Sid Fleischman's historical novel, By the Great Horn Spoon! Use the menu or table of contents to begin your journey. Requires exploring to get the most out of your gold rush adventure. Available in Spanish. Includes lesson plans: http://library.thinkquest.org/50048/lessons.htm?tqskip1=1&tqtime=0210.
Grade Level: Early Childhood (K-2), Elementary, Middle School, High School
Content Area: History & Social Studies (World History)

CampSilos: http://www.campsilos.org/CampSilos is an educational web site focusing on the development of American agriculture. Targeting students in grades 4-8, the site provides online educational material related to the natural prairie, pioneer farm life, early agricultural technology, the story of corn from its early Indian origins to the present, and 21st century technological advances including applications of GPS and biotechnology. Activities and lesson plans feature such diverse activities as virtual field trips, mystery photos, group games, problem-based activities, primary
source materials, scavenger hunt and history detective research using online resources and links to national standards. Students can even watch the birth of baby pigs!
Grade Level: Elementary, Middle School
Content Area: History & Social Studies (Geography & Cultures), Science
(Earth Science), Science (Life Science)

Vietnam Women's Memorial Project: http://www.vietnamwomensmemorial.org/
Over 265,000 women served in the armed forces of the United States. Nearly 10,000 women actually served in-country during the conflict. Articles describe the types of jobs women performed during the
war. Also included are first person narratives from women veterans, information about the memorial, and links to more information.
Grade Level: Early Childhood (K-2), Elementary, Middle School, High School, College, Adult/Professional
Content Area: Community Interest (Government/Politics), History & Social Studies (United States History)

LewisandClark200.gov: http://www.lewisandclark200.org/ is a web portal to information about the famous expedition that set out nearly 200 years ago to find & map a transcontinental water route to the Pacific Ocean. The journey of Lewis & Clark & their 33-member party across the continent is shown on a current U.S. map (alongside today's cities & highways) with descriptions of historical places
along the trail. The site provides maps, timelines, & classroom activities, as well as the letter of instruction from Thomas Jefferson & biographical information about Corps of Discovery members & American Indian tribes they encountered. This website is the result of a partnership among 32 federal agencies & organizations.

Life in the White House: http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/life/ presents a history of the White House in celebration of the 100th anniversary of the West Wing. Video tours of the Oval Office, Cabinet Room, Diplomatic Room, & other rooms are narrated by the First Lady, the President's Chief of Staff, the Vice President, & others, including the President himself.

Our Documents: http://www.ourdocuments.gov/ features 100 milestone documents in U.S. history. Each week, the website highlights 3 documents, beginning with the Lee Resolution of June 7, 1776, & ending with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Speeches, treaties, Supreme Court cases, patent designs, & Constitutional amendments are among the 100 documents that changed the course of history & helped shape our national character. Images of documents are accompanied by transcriptions & historical interpretations. The website, part of a history & civics initiative announced by President Bush on September 17, 2002, includes information about competitions for students & workshops for teachers. Teachers are invited to develop & test a classroom lesson on one or several milestone documents.

Voices from the Field: http://www.peacecorps.gov/wws/guides/voices/index.html presents 10 stories set in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Niger, Poland, &
Papua New Guinea. Lesson ideas & student work accompany the stories, which were written by Peace Corps authors. The aim is to strengthen students' reading & writing, inspire students to create their own personal meanings & narratives, & broaden students' perspectives of the world & themselves.

The Museum of Hoaxes: http://www.museumofhoaxes.com/
This web site not only includes a compendium of hoaxes throughout history but also lists them by category (ghosts, political, religious, etc.). Also covered are the Sept. 11 hoaxes, including a purported photo of a tourist at the top of the World Trade Center just seconds before it was attacked, or the alleged prediction by 16th-century astrologer Nostradamus of the terrorist strikes. Although completely untrue, both stories were circulated widely, even by some reputable news organizations. This site also features hoax pictures, hoax Web sites, a "gullibilility test," a "hoax mailbag" and a free e-mail newsletter.

Westward Movement: http://www.deweybrowse.org/westward.htm
Links to site about United States Western Movement

Will the Real Sacagawea Please Stand Up?: A Play: http://www.scholasticdealer.com/prodimages/sample/909842.pdf

Enterprising Women: 250 Years of American Business: http://www.enterprisingwomenexhibit.org/
Visitors to this site will learn about amazing businesswomen. Organized into five eras, the exhibit and accompanying website tells the stories of businesswomen from Colonial times to the present, using artifacts, costumes, diaries, photographs, and more.

Alaska
Alaska @ National Geographic: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/greatland/
"Any way you slice it, Alaska is BIG. At more than twice the size of Texas, it accounts for one-fifth of all United States land. Here you'll find North America's highest peak and lowest ocean trough, fjords to surpass Norway's, mountains to humble the Alps, and glaciers to rival Greenland's." National Geographic surveys Alaska's Land, Wildlife, History and People. There is a Bear Essentials video (under Wildlife), the Native People feature, and the e-mail postcards available in each section.
Alaska Zoo: http://www.alaskazoo.org/
The Alaska Zoo in Anchorage has a collection of animal fact pages, many created by elementary students from Willow Crest School. Visit the Birds and Native Species sections for pictures and vital statistics(such as habitat and behavior) on twenty-seven native Alaskan animals including otters, eagles, and moose. There is a Bear Cam, where you can watch Ahpun the polar bear and Oreo the brown bear play together.
MMS Kids Corner Alaska: http://www.mms.gov/alaska/kids/
The Minerals Management Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior's website is a collection of articles, printable games, and science experiments on the topics of crude oil (what it is and how it is drilled), whales, and volcanos. There is a photo gallery, and the five printable activities for lower elementary grades (found under "Just for Kids") including an Alaska crossword puzzle and an animal match game.
State of Alaska: Kids: http://www.state.ak.us/kids/
For state reports, you'll find all the stats you need (Alaska's state nickname is "The Last Frontier") on the Student Guide page. For further research, SLED for Kids (Statewide Library Electronic Doorway) has an extensive list of Alaskan site links. The Magnificent Moose Project, created by Mr. Ernst's sixth grade class at the Anne Wien School in Fairbanks, Alaska, is an example of what kids can do online.
Wild-Eyed Alaska: http://www.hhmi.org/alaska/
"Imagine watching a bald eagle close up. Or joining a puffin inside its burrow. Or plunging over rocky cliffs into the water to gaze at giant barnacles and other sea life. Now you can do all this and more virtually." Wild-Eyed Alaska is a collection of six videos created by remote-control cameras on Gull Island in Kachemak Bay. Kachemak Bay (about 200 miles south of Anchorage on the Kenai Peninsula) is the largest of twenty-three sites in the U.S. National Estuarine Research Reserve System and the only one in Alaska.

Hugs and Hope Club: http://www.hugsandhope.com/
This is a web site that lifts the spirits of seriously ill kids with cards and gift baskets.

European History
Perseus Project: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/
Pompeii Forum Project: http://pompeii.virginia.edu/
VRoma: http://www.vroma.org/
Medieval: French Ministry of Culture: http://www.culture.fr/
Internet Medieval Sourcebook: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html
Labyrinth, Sources for Medieval Studies: http://www.georgetown.edu/labyrinth/
Renaissance and Early Modern History
The Galileo Project: http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/
Museum of the History of Science: http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/
Napoleon: http://www.pbs.org/empires/napoleon/

Book lists of historical fiction
Prehistory to Rome: http://lexicon.ci.anchorage.ak.us/aml/kidspage/booklists/historicalfiction/prehistory.shtml
Rome, the fall of Rome and then on:
http://lexicon.ci.anchorage.ak.us/aml/kidspage/booklists/historicalfiction/1to1500.shtml
Kids' Historical Fiction- Ancient Times:
http://www.mesalibrary.org/kids/reading_elem/histfiction_ancient.htm
Includes Ancient Times and then on in time:
http://www.buffalolib.org/kidscorner/greatbooks/books_historical.asp
Historical Fiction by date: http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/FranklinMS/research/hisfic.htm
Lists by date: http://checkout.orl.bc.ca/kids/Histficbks.htm
Historical Fiction for 4th, 5th, 6th graders:
http://www.city.palo-alto.ca.us/palo/city/library/kids-teens/historical.html
Lists by time period: http://www.cantonpl.org/youth/hf.html

Sites about Pirates
Discovery Online: Pirate Ghosts: http://www.discovery.com/stories/history/pirates/pirates.html
Discover with Discovery Online why "some of the most feared pirates of all time are coming back to life. Blackbeard is back, and Black Sam Bellamy, who raided ships throughout the Caribbean, is probably more famous now than he was in his heyday. Both have been revived through sunken ships." Two real pirate ships have been found along the eastern shoreline. Bellamy's ship, the Whydah, was discovered off Cape Cod in 1984 and Blackbeard's Queen Anne's Revenge was found in 1997
in just twenty feet of water off the coast of North Carolina.
National Geographic Pirates!: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/features/97/pirates/maina.html
"Ahoy! Have ye heard the secret of this ramshackle inn where ye'r lodgin'? They say it's full of booty but nobody's been able to find it." Join this interactive adventure, and while looking for the loot, you'll unearth tales of real pirates woven into the story line. When your adventure is finished,
click on Books for Buccaneers (from the main menu) for elementary and young adult reading lists.
Pirates Homepage: http://www.powerup.com.au/~glen/pirate.htm
This pirate potpourri, from the second and fifth grade students of Rochedale State School in Queensland Australia, includes reports on famous pirates such as Bartholomew Roberts and Anne Bonny, pirate limericks, pirate stories, pirate book reports, and pirate treasure maps. Do not miss
the fun Pirate Treasure Hunt, complete with a certificate to print when you find the booty.
Pirates, Privateers, Buccaneers: http://www.columbia.edu/~tg66/piratepage.htm
Although the word "pirate" is the one most commonly used today, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, many additional and more specific terms were used. For example, a privateer also plundered ships, but carried with him a letter of marque signed by a king or other head of state, granting him the right to attack enemy ships. And a buccaneer was a non-Spanish European sailor who settled in the West Indies and raided Spanish ships. For an interesting view into the pirate's life, read the Pirate Rules of Conduct -- which include formalized workers' compensation (see rule VIII.)
Pirates! ThinkQuest: http://despina.advanced.org/16438/
This student-created site is divided into Fact (where you'll find history, a time line, vocabulary and even a section on modern software piracy) and Legend (with lists of books, movies and pirate poetry.) If you find yourself staring at a page without content, be sure to check the green sidebar menu you probably need to dig further down the menu tree to find what you're looking for. For fun, visit Test Your Knowledge for word searches and pirate quizzes.

SCRAMBLED DINOSAURS: http://www.EnchantedLearning.com/Slidedinosaurs/Slidedino2.html
This game is just for fun--preschoolers can jumble any part of the dinosaur body to come up with a
brand new version of a dinosaur.

Interactive Notebook
For the interactive notebook, students are given a notebook which is to be used *only* for social studies notes. The first two to four pages are set up as a table of contents, and all pages are numbered right off the bat (to reduce temptation to tear pages out to use elsewhere). Stuedents record the title of the note, the date and the page. As for the notes themselves, they are to be done *only* on the right hand side. Students sit in groups and notes arise out of the activities -- for example each group is given an overhead transparency and they have to come up with a note. The teacaher goes through these and chooses one or merges a couple (possibly with additions) which becomes the class note. This goes on the right hand side of the page. On the left, are graphic organizers/flow charts. A 'real world' example is also apropos.
Sample of an interactive notebook at: http://pages.prodigy.net/wtrucillo/interactive_notebook.htm

The History of Jim Crow: http://www.jimcrowhistory.org/home.htm
This site was designed by teachers and presents teachers with new historical resources and teaching ideas for the Jim Crow years. At this site, teachers will find historical essays, personal narratives and
lesson plans. In addition, the site contains an image gallery, an American literature book list for middle school, high school, and college-level students; and an interactive encyclopedia that offers users access to terms, people, and events relating to the history of Jim Crow. This site is funded by New York Life and teachers are paid for contributions.
Grade Level: Middle School, High School, College
Content Area: History and Social Studies (US History), English (Reading/ Writing)

Gabriel: Gateway to Europe's National Libraries: http://www.kb.nl/gabriel/
This site includes 41 European national libraries from the 39 countries represented in the Conference of European National Librarians (CENL). Gabriel offers information on their services and online exhibitions. Students can visit online exhibitions such as 'Treasures from Europe's National Libraries' and 'Treasures from the World's Great Libraries' These online exhibitions are organized by topics such as 'People and Politics' and 'Science and Inventions.'
Grade Level: Middle School, High School, College
Content Area: History and Social Studies (US History), English (Reading/Writing)

Cases & Materials on American Federalism: http://www.agh-attorneys.com/3_camo_contents.htm
This site contains materials used in American Government Courses at Purdue University Calumet. K-12 & college-level teachers will find it useful. The site contains a glossary, a timeline, historical